Teeth grinding (bruxism) (2024)

Teeth grinding (also called bruxism) is often related to stress or anxiety. There are things you can do to help and treatments available from a dentist or GP.

Causes of teeth grinding

It's not always clear what causes people to grind their teeth.

It's often linked to:

Teeth grinding is common in children and teenagers, particularly during sleep. It often stops when they reach adulthood and their adult teeth have come through.

How to reduce teeth grinding

There are a number of things you can try that may help if you grind your teeth.

Do

  • find ways to relax – for example, by doing breathing exercises, listening to music and taking regular exercise

  • try to improve your sleep by going to bed at the same time every night, relaxing before bedtime and making sure your bedroom is dark and quiet

  • take painkillers like paracetamol or ibuprofen if you have jaw pain or swelling

  • use an ice pack (or bag of frozen peas) wrapped in a tea towel for 20 to 30 minutes to help reduce jaw pain or swelling

  • have regular dental check-ups

Don’t

  • do not smoke

  • do not drink too much alcohol

  • do not take drugs like ecstasy or cocaine

  • do not chew gum or eat hard foods if you have tooth or jaw pain

Symptoms of teeth grinding

Teeth grinding can happen while you're awake or asleep.

As well as grinding your teeth and clenching your jaw, other symptoms can include:

  • face, neck and shoulder pain
  • a painful jaw, which can lead to a condition called temporomandibular disorder (TMD)
  • worn-down or broken teeth, which can cause increased sensitivity and loss of teeth and fillings
  • headaches
  • earache
  • disturbed sleep

Non-urgent advice: See a dentist if:

  • you grind your teeth and have tooth damage or sensitive teeth
  • you grind your teeth and have pain in your jaw, face or ear
  • your partner says you're grinding your teeth in your sleep
  • you're worried about your child grinding their teeth

See a GP if you need help with some of the causes of teeth grinding, such as stress, anxiety, smoking, drinking too much or taking drugs.

Treatments for teeth grinding

Treatment for teeth grinding is not always needed.

Treatments from a dentist

A dentist may recommend a mouth guard or mouth splint.

These are worn at night and protect your teeth from damage. They can be made by a dentist to fit precisely over your upper or lower teeth

Treatments from a GP

A GP can give you advice and recommend treatments for reducing stress.

They will also be able to help if you want to give up smoking, or if you need advice about drug addiction or cutting down on alcohol.

Page last reviewed: 27 June 2022
Next review due: 27 June 2025

Teeth grinding (bruxism) (2024)

FAQs

How do I know if my bruxism is severe? ›

Many cases of bruxism are mild and may not require treatment; however, severe bruxism can lead to damaged teeth, jaw pain or tiredness, and headache.

What are 2 things teeth grinding and jaw clenching can cause? ›

face, neck and shoulder pain. a painful jaw, which can lead to a condition called temporomandibular disorder (TMD) worn-down or broken teeth, which can cause increased sensitivity and loss of teeth and fillings. headaches.

Can you clench your teeth hard enough to break them? ›

Clenching your teeth hard enough can cause them to break. When you sleep, you have no control over how hard you clench. Snapping your teeth together too quickly can have a similar effect. Both constant pressure and sudden impact can result in fractures in one or more teeth.

What counts as teeth grinding? ›

Teeth grinding (bruxism) is involuntary clenching, grinding and gnashing of the teeth that usually happens during sleep. Causes can include stress, concentration and use of illegal drugs. Treatments include bite splints (to be worn at night), repair of tooth damage, and stress management therapy.

Can dentist tell if you grind? ›

During a dental exam, your dentist will look for signs of bruxism such as excessive wear on your teeth, including cracks, chips or loose teeth. Some options to help you reduce or eliminate grinding include: Wearing a mouth guard to protect your teeth. Wearing a splint, which keeps your teeth separated.

What can be mistaken for bruxism? ›

Many people get confused between bruxism and TMJ disorder. They can be associated and interrelated but they are two very different things. Bruxism, also known as teeth grinding, is a condition which occurs as a result of an individual grinding or clenching their teeth.

At what age does bruxism stop? ›

By around age 6, most little ones will stop grinding their teeth on their own. Awake bruxism, even in children who are school-aged or older, might not warrant any treatment or cause any issues, though it can be a sign that your child is stressed or anxious.

Does bruxism ever go away? ›

Most children eventually outgrow bruxism and suffer no permanent damage to their teeth. Of all children who brux between the ages of 3 and 10, more than half will stop on their own by age 13. In teenagers and adults, how long bruxism lasts depends on its cause.

What is the number one cause of teeth grinding? ›

There is no one known cause of bruxism, but doctors believe a combination of physical, psychological and genetic factors may be to blame. While teeth grinding during the day may be caused by emotions like anxiety or stress, teeth grinding at night may be caused by a number of different reasons: Sleep disorder.

How to stop teeth grinding at night naturally? ›

To stop grinding your teeth, check out these seven treatment options and techniques you could try today to experience some relief.
  1. Get a Nighttime Mouth Guard. ...
  2. Start Exercising. ...
  3. Relax Right Before Bed. ...
  4. Massage Your Jaw Muscles. ...
  5. Become More Conscious of Your Clenching. ...
  6. Stop Chewing Everything but Food. ...
  7. Avoid Chewy Foods.
Sep 20, 2021

Should your teeth touch when resting? ›

When we naturally close our mouths, it's common for us to close our jaws completely, causing our top and bottom teeth to touch. However, this habit isn't ideal for oral health. In fact, it's recommended to have a relaxed jaw position with a slight gap between the teeth, known as a freeway space.

What percentage of people grind their teeth at night? ›

Bruxism, to varying degrees, is common. Up to 30% of people grind their teeth in some way, and estimates suggest that about 10% to 15% of adults suffer painful bruxing during sleep, according to Air Force Lt. Col.

Can you reverse damage from teeth grinding? ›

However, severe cases of bruxism that have led to significant tooth wear or broken teeth may require more extensive dental procedures. In cases where this is severe bruxism damage, it is typically not reversible, but there are dental treatments that can help moving forward like orthodontics and custom night guards.

Can you reverse bruxism? ›

While there is no cure to completely stop teeth grinding, treatment can reduce its frequency. View Source , decrease its impact, and relieve symptoms. In addition, home care tips can make it easier to cope with sleep bruxism.

What do dentists do for teeth grinding? ›

Dentists often outfit bruxism patients with nightguards (retainer-like instruments worn in the mouth overnight) to prevent damage to the teeth and mouth, but the device doesn't stop the grinding. "It's not a magic bullet, and you really need to address the underlying cause," Dr. Scott says.

Who diagnoses teeth grinding? ›

The symptoms of bruxism may look like other conditions or health problems. See a dentist or your healthcare provider for a diagnosis and treatment.

What does grinding look like on teeth? ›

When your dental enamel wears away, it leaves your teeth looking shorter and darker in color. Not only does grinding your teeth wear down the dental enamel, but it exposes the dentin in your teeth which can then make your teeth take on a yellow or even orange color.

What is the dental correction for grinding teeth? ›

Three main types of restorative dentistry for bruxism include dental crowns, composite bonding, and porcelain veneers. A dental night guard can help prevent future instances of tooth damage caused by grinding.

References

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