Anatomy and physiology of the nervous system (2024)

FAQs

What is nervous system answers? ›

What Is the Nervous System? The nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord, and a complex network of nerves. This system sends messages back and forth between the brain and the body. The brain is what controls all the body's functions. The spinal cord runs from the brain down through the back.

The nervous system is a complex network of nerves and nerve cells (neurons) that carry signals or messages to and from the brain and spinal cord to different parts of the body. It is made up of the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.

When a neuron is stimulated enough, it fires an electrical impulse that zips down its axon to its neighboring neurons. But they've only got one signal that they can send, and it only transmits at one uniform strength and speed.

Nervous system. Controlling & Coordinating System. Conducts nerve impulses between body structures and. controls body functions.

The nervous system transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body, including internal organs. In this way, the nervous system's activity controls the ability to move, breathe, see, think, and more.

The central nervous system (defined as the brain and spinal cord) is usually considered to have seven basic parts: the spinal cord, the medulla, the pons, the cerebellum, the midbrain, the diencephalon, and the cerebral hemispheres (Figure 1.10; see also Figure 1.8).

Cerebrum. The cerebrum (front of brain) comprises gray matter (the cerebral cortex) and white matter at its center. The largest part of the brain, the cerebrum initiates and coordinates movement and regulates temperature.

The neuron then returns to its resting electrical state, the resting potential, until stimulated again. The rate of neural transmission, however, is independent of the level of stimulation. That is, if the neural threshold is not reached, the neuron will not fire.

It lacks centrioles, however. Because centrioles function in cell division, the fact that neurons lack these organelles is consistent with the amitotic nature of the cell.

Neural activations are mostly stimulated circularly. A neuron is activated by other neurons to which it is connected. In turn, its own activation stimulates other connected neurons to activation. If an impulse is started at any one place on the axon, it propagates in both directions.

Which nervous system controls the internal organs? ›

The autonomic nervous system controls internal body processes such as the following: Blood pressure. Heart and breathing rates. Body temperature.

It's made up of your brain, spinal cord and nerves. Your nervous system works by sending messages, or electrical signals, between your brain and all the other parts of your body.

The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord: The brain controls how we think, learn, move, and feel. The spinal cord carries messages back and forth between the brain and the nerves that run throughout the body.

(NER-vus SIS-tem) The organized network of nerve tissue in the body. It includes the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord), the peripheral nervous system (nerves that extend from the spinal cord to the rest of the body), and other nerve tissue.

A nervous system can be defined as an organized group of cells, called neurons, specialized for the conduction of an impulse—an excited state—from a sensory receptor through a nerve network to an effector, the site at which the response occurs.

The nervous system helps all the parts of the body to communicate with each other. It also reacts to changes both outside and inside the body. The nervous system uses both electrical and chemical means to send and receive messages.

The nervous system is the master coordinating system of the body. Every thought, action, and sensation reflext its activity. The structures of the nervous system are described in terms of 2 principal divisions-the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).